Palmanova is a fortified town of the late Renaissance, built by the Venetian Republic at the end of the 16th century. Palmanova holds the distinction of being a member of the "I Borghi più belli d'Italia", a prestigious association that celebrates the charm and historical significance of Italy's most enchanting villages. In 2017, its esteemed fortifications were rightfully inscribed on the prestigious UNESCO World Heritage List as a testament to the architectural prowess of the Venetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th centuries: Stato da Terra – western Stato da Mar. Renowned for its magnificent late Renaissance star fort, Palmanova was meticulously constructed by the Venetian Republic in 1593. Palmanova, or Palme in Friulian, is a town and comune situated within the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, nestled in the northeastern Italian region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. Its influence can be seen in the design of modern fortifications and the layout of many historic cities, serving as a testament to its enduring legacy. While superseded by the advent of explosive shells, the bastion fort remains a significant chapter in the history of warfare and urban planning. Its unique design, incorporating polygonal shapes, projecting bastions, and a variety of protective features, proved highly effective against the destructive power of early cannons. This allowed for a more extensive and interconnected system of defenses. Unlike their predecessors, which were often built on high hills, bastion forts were designed to be situated on relatively flat ground. The bastion fort, characterized by its polygonal shape and projecting bastions, emerged in Italy in the mid-15th century. This innovative design revolutionized military architecture and played a crucial role in European #warfare for centuries. In response, a new type of fortification emerged, known as the bastion fort, or trace italienne. □ Military Masterpieces: Bastion Forts - Architectural Marvels from Above □ Star Fort of Palmanova, ItalyĪs gunpowder emerged in the early modern era, traditional medieval fortifications proved vulnerable to the destructive power of cannons.
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